Structural and biochemical basis of methylmalonate semialdehyde dehydrogenase ALDH6A1
ALDH6A1, a member of the ALDH family, plays a crucial role in the catabolic pathways of valine and thymine. Dysregulation of ALDH6A1 expression has been linked to a variety of diseases. Methylmalonate semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency (MMSDH defi.....»»
Researchers identify molecular basis for morphological diversity of amniote skull
A research group led by Associate Professor Masayoshi Tokita explored the molecular basis generating the diversity of amniote skull morphology, using embryos of several amniote species as materials......»»
A mechanism of pressure-induced glass phase transition leading to advanced phase-change memories
When temperature or pressure is applied to a material, its state changes from liquid to solid or remains solid but exhibits structural changes. This change is called a phase transition or change......»»
Modified caffeine molecules help medical research move forward
Before researchers can develop targeted drugs, they need to know exactly how a disease works. Biochemist Bert Beerkens created molecules that allow them to find out. He used caffeine as the basis for new molecules that enable research into certain re.....»»
Team reviews phosphine ligand-induced structural transformation of metal nanoclusters
A team of researchers has reviewed a unique method for reforming the structures of ultra-small nanomaterials. These nanomaterials, called metal nanoclusters, bridge the gap between the metal atom and the bulk metal, making them highly useful in both.....»»
Using clay to combat eternal toxins: Scientists clarify basis for innovative PFAS filter made of clay
PFAS filters available for industrial waste are usually made of activated carbon. As this is comparatively expensive, researchers are looking for alternative filter materials for the so-called "eternal toxins," whose hazardous residues only degrade v.....»»
Researchers characterize translation inhibition in CRISPR-Cas antiviral defense system
A recent study in Science uses bioinformatic analysis as well as biochemical and structural studies to characterize a novel family of effector proteins, named Cami1. The research shows that when a virus attacks a bacterium, CRISPR-Cas10 signaling mol.....»»
Fish brains may provide insight into the molecular basis of decision-making
How do animals make decisions when faced with competing demands, and how have decision making processes evolved over time? In a recent publication in Biology Letters, Tina Barbasch, a postdoctoral researcher at the Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic.....»»
Crop yield prediction: New model uses sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence for enhanced photosynthetic trait estimation
Crops use carbon dioxide (CO2) through photosynthesis to create organic matter, with enhanced photosynthetic rates crucial for meeting global food demands. While crop phenomics has focused on structural traits, it's the functional traits like maximum.....»»
Scientists finally succeed in growing dolomite in the lab by dissolving structural defects during growth
For 200 years, scientists have failed to grow a common mineral in the laboratory under the conditions believed to have formed it naturally. Now, a team of researchers from the University of Michigan and Hokkaido University in Sapporo, Japan have fina.....»»
Discovery of structural regularity hidden in silica glass
Glass—whether used to insulate our homes or as the screens in our computers and smartphones—is a fundamental material. Yet, despite its long usage throughout human history, the disordered structure of its atomic configuration still baffles scient.....»»
Young disabled people experience institutional discrimination and stigmatization in mainstream English schools
New research by the University of Warwick has found that disabled young people in England experience institutional and structural discrimination in mainstream schools, with two thirds fewer achieving level 2 qualifications compared to non-disabled pe.....»»
Unearthing the terroir effect: Grapevine"s transcriptional response to soil variability
Grapevine is a globally significant fruit crop that exhibits remarkable phenotypic plasticity (PP) due to genotype-per-environment interactions (a concept known as terroir). This adaptability impacts physiological, molecular and biochemical aspects o.....»»
Deciphering grape development: A molecular phenology scale for grapevine berry maturation
Fruit development encompasses a series of physical, biochemical, and physiological shifts influenced by both genetic programming and environmental factors. The growth patterns of fruits like grapes are generally consistent within the same species, bu.....»»
Doggie dental health: Aged garlic extract shows promise as gum disease treatment
Among dogs, periodontal (gum) disease affects various breeds at rates between 44% and 100%, with higher susceptibility in smaller breeds and older dogs. Veterinarians normally advise dog owners to brush their dogs' teeth on a daily basis to remove th.....»»
How Cinematherapy Helped Me Through a Midlife Crisis
Yes, there is a therapeutic basis for “watching movies to heal,” but only if you do it the right way. Here's how......»»
Apple’s Home Key to form basis of a new smart lock standard, Aliro
Just as HomeKit led to the development of the broader smart home standard Matter, so Apple’s Home Key is spurring the adoption of a new industry standard for smart locks and digital keys: Aliro. The new standard is being championed by Apple, Goo.....»»
Research explores molecular basis of ventilator-induced diaphragm weakness
A study, published in PNAS Nexus, presents evidence that mitochondrial fragmentation is a proximal mechanism underlying ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction (VIDD)—and identifies a possible therapeutic to limit diaphragm atrophy during a stay.....»»
School-based law enforcement is likely ineffective for keeping schools safe, finds analysis
A systematic review that analyzed the results of published studies concluded that school-based law enforcement (SBLE)—having sworn law enforcement officers stationed in schools on at least a part-time basis—is likely ineffective for keeping schoo.....»»
What do we know about the Switch 2’s hardware power?
Digital Foundry reads the tea leaves for a deep dive full of informed speculation. Enlarge / A look at the Nvidia T234 that could be the basis for a scaled-down custom chip in the next Nintendo console. (credit: Nvidia / Imgur).....»»
Possible cause of male infertility linked to structural protein
Mature spermatozoa are characterized by a head, midpiece and a long tail for locomotion. Now, researchers from the University Hospital Bonn (UKB) and the Transdisciplinary Research Unit "Life & Health" at the University of Bonn have found that a loss.....»»