Formation of pores in mitochondrial membrane elucidated
Mitochondria are considered to be the power plants of cells and are essential for human metabolism. Dysfunction in 40% of mitochondrial proteins are associated with human diseases, which is why mitochondria also play an important role in medical rese.....»»
Ancient grains of dust from space can be found on Earth—and provide clues about the life cycle of stars
In space, there are clouds that contain gas and dust ejected from stars. Our solar system was formed 4.6 billion years ago from such a molecular cloud. Most of these dust grains were destroyed during solar system formation. However, a very small amou.....»»
New model refutes leading theory on how Earth"s continents formed
The formation of Earth's continents billions of years ago set the stage for life to thrive. But scientists disagree over how those land masses formed and if it was through geological processes we still see today......»»
Scientists reveal transport mechanism of norepinephrine transporter and binding mode of small molecule and peptide drugs
Noradrenaline (NA) is an important monoamine neurotransmitter in the nervous system. The noradrenaline transporter (NET) located on the presynaptic membrane can transport NA into presynaptic neurons......»»
Metallic nanosheets curl into nanovesicles
Inspired by the cell membrane structure, researchers, led by Dr. Xiaoqing Huang (State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University) and Dr. Qi Shao (College of Chemistry and.....»»
Stem cell harmony: How solanaceae plants maintain homeostasis through receptor compensation
A pivotal study sheds light on the evolutionary conservation of stem cell homeostasis in Solanaceae, revealing how receptor compensation mechanisms ensure the continuous and orderly formation of plant organs. This research uncovers the genetic interp.....»»
Agricultural soils are efficient ice nucleating particles in the southern great plains
INPs are a rare subset of atmospheric aerosol that can initiate ice formation in clouds. There is a significant gap between scientists' ability to measure INPs and to predict their concentrations and variability in large-scale weather and climate mod.....»»
Genomewide prediction: A promising approach for improving russet formation in apple breeding programs
A research team has demonstrated that genomewide prediction is a promising approach for targeting russet formation in apple breeding programs. This method effectively predicts the russet trait, which is a complex quantitative trait controlled by many.....»»
Astronomers explain rapid formation of organic macromolecules in protoplanetary disks around young stars
An international team of researchers led by the University of Bern has used observation-based computer modeling to find an explanation for how macromolecules can form in a short time in disks of gas and dust around young stars. These findings could b.....»»
A blue miracle in the Eifel: How sapphires formed in volcanoes
Researchers at Heidelberg University are studying the formation of this characteristically blue-colored crystal in volcanic melts.....»»
Saturday Citations: E-bike accident spike; epigenetics in memory formation; Komodo dragons now scarier
This week, we reported on new epigenetic findings in memory formation as well as a dramatic spike in micromobility-related head injuries, so there's a whole lot of head-related science on the front burner these days. There were new findings regarding.....»»
Ice 0: Researchers discover a new mechanism for ice formation
Ice is far more complicated than most of us realize, with over 20 different varieties known to science, forming under various combinations of pressure and temperature. The kind we use to chill our drinks is known as ice I, and it's one of the few for.....»»
New research underscores the close relationship between Saharan dust and hurricane rainfall
Giant plumes of Sahara Desert dust that gust across the Atlantic can suppress hurricane formation over the ocean and affect weather in North America. But thick dust plumes can also lead to heavier rainfall—and potentially more destruction—from la.....»»
Stress granules found to play an unsuspected role in blood vessel formation
The behavior of the cells that make up our blood vessels is crucial to our well-being. Conditions such as inflammation, oxygen deprivation and viral infection can stress these cells and disrupt the formation of new, often pathological, blood vessels......»»
Next generation biosensor reveals gibberellin"s critical role in legume nitrogen-fixation
Researchers at the University of Cambridge have demonstrated that the plant hormone gibberellin (GA) is essential for the formation and maturation of nitrogen-fixing root nodules in legumes and can also increase nodule size. They identified the speci.....»»
380-million-year-old rocks provide insights into past climate and geothermal energy
Rocks undergo changes over millions of years. Yet it is possible to extract information from them about the climate at the time of their formation......»»
Spontaneous supercrystal discovered in switching metal-insulator
A supercrystal formation previously unobserved in a metal-insulating material was discovered by a Cornell-led research team, potentially unlocking new ways to engineer materials and devices with tunable electronic properties......»»
How mantle hydration changes over the lifetime of a subduction zone
Because of interactions with Earth's hot mantle, water-logged oceanic plates release water as they slide beneath less dense overriding plates in subduction zones. This water rises and hydrates the mantle above it, contributing to the formation of vol.....»»
Scientists identify brain circuits tied to the behavior of schooling fish
A flock of migrating geese glides through the summer sky in an unmistakable "V" formation… a thundering herd of bison rumbles across the plains as a formidable group... and a massive school of sardines swims mesmerizingly in unison......»»
Former OpenAI researcher’s new company will teach you how to build an LLM
Karpathy's Eureka Labs will pair human-made curriculum with an AI-powered assistant. Enlarge (credit: Getty Images) On Tuesday, former OpenAI researcher Andrej Karpathy announced the formation of a new AI learning platfo.....»»
Geophysics research finds microplastic pollution increases sea foam height and stability
From cloud formation to sea temperatures, sea foam plays many roles in the dynamic interactions that occur at the surface level of the world's oceans......»»