The cell sentinel that neutralizes hepatitis B
The hepatitis B virus (HBV) is responsible for one of the most serious and common infectious diseases. Transmitted through biological fluids, it attacks the liver cells. The chronic form of the disease can lead to serious complications, including cir.....»»
New biology unveiled for fundamental cellular machinery
Cellular communication relies on receptor molecules on the cell surface. The periodic uptake and sorting of these receptors, critical for their degradation or recycling, are governed by an elaborate machinery prominently featuring the Commander compl.....»»
How does a bacterium know it"s time to split apart?
Bacterial cells do not wake up one morning and decide to become parents. But there is a point in their cell cycle—after growing sufficiently and replicating their genomes—when they split in two, creating new cells that then repeat the process. Wh.....»»
Vitamin A may play a central role in stem cell biology and wound repair
When a child falls off her bike and scrapes her knee, skin stem cells rush to the rescue, growing new epidermis to cover the wound. But only some of the stem cells that will ultimately patch her up are normally dedicated to replenishing the epidermis.....»»
Scientists use a new type of nanoparticle that can both deliver vaccines and act as an adjuvant
Many vaccines, including vaccines for hepatitis B and whooping cough, consist of fragments of viral or bacterial proteins. These vaccines often include other molecules called adjuvants, which help to boost the immune system's response to the protein......»»
Exploring the inner workings of stem cells: When location changes the message
Stem cells are the body's wellspring of renewal. They can turn into any kind of cell the body needs, from liver to skin to bone. But the well would run dry if all the stem cells transformed......»»
Microalgae with unusual cell biology could lead to improved understanding of harmful algal blooms
What are the molecular processes in a unicellular marine algae species that can cause harmful algal blooms? A research team led by microbiologist Prof. Dr. Ralf Rabus from the University of Oldenburg (Germany) has conducted the first detailed analyse.....»»
GM receives $26M in federal funding for hydrogen fuel cell medium-duty trucks
GM said it will work with Southern Co., an electric and gas utility company in the southeastern U.S., to deploy a hydrogen fuel cell-powered medium-duty truck at work sites in Georgia......»»
Degree of cell crowding in the early human embryo influences cell identity decision, new culture system finds
Research conducted by Dr. Shota Nakanoh in a collaboration between Dr. Teresa Rayon's lab at the Institute and Professor Ludovic Vallier's lab at the Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute has determined that the degree of cell crowding in the ea.....»»
Newly discovered protein prevents DNA triplication
Every time a cell divides, its DNA is duplicated so that the two daughter cells have the same genetic material as their parent. This means that, millions of times a day, a biochemical wonder takes place in the body: the copying of the DNA molecule. I.....»»
Investigating cell killers: An advanced system for size-dependent cytotoxicity analysis of silica
Metal nanomaterials have become an indispensable part of industrial and medical fields due to their unique and versatile properties. Their size, which imparts them with the desired physiochemical properties, is also the reason for environmental and h.....»»
The Golgi organelle"s ribbon structure is not exclusive to vertebrates, contrary to previous consensus
Researchers report February 29 in the journal Cell Reports that the Golgi ribbon, an organelle structure previously thought to be exclusive to vertebrates, is also present in animal taxa, including mollusks, earthworms, and sea urchins......»»
Becoming human: An ancient genome perspective
Writing a commentary in the 50th anniversary issue of Cell, Fu Qiaomei and E. Andrew Bennett, both of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (IVPP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, explored the contribution of paleogenomics.....»»
Ohio-built hydrogen Honda CR-V to start shipping to Japan
Honda's CR-V e:FCEV will use a hydrogen fuel cell powertrain jointly developed with General Motors and be assembled in Ohio for delivery this year to Japan and California......»»
Honda CR-V fuel cell will be sold in California only
The CR-V e:FCEV, the hydrogen-powered variant of Honda's popular compact crossover, will begin deliveries this year in California......»»
Researchers discover cause of initial spike in immune response when pathogens attack plants
When pathogens attack plants, the plant cells almost immediately react. The plant's cells begin to produce different kinds of small molecules called secondary messengers. These messengers travel throughout the cell membrane to begin the process of ac.....»»
Research provides insight into constructing gene regulatory networks
Gene regulatory networks (GRNs) depict the regulatory mechanisms of genes within cellular systems as a network, offering vital insights for understanding cell processes and molecular interactions that determine cellular phenotypes. Transcriptional re.....»»
Is This New 50-Year Battery for Real?
BetaVolt’s nuclear battery lasts for decades, but you won’t see one in your next iPhone—powering a mobile device would require a cell the size of a yak......»»
Chemical labeling method provides new approach for recording cellular activities
In living cells, a vast number of transient events occur simultaneously, each of them important for a given cell in carrying out its function. The faithful recording of these transient activities is a prerequisite for a molecular understanding of lif.....»»
Researchers reveal how cells regenerate protein factories at the endoplasmic reticulum
The synthesis of proteins in the cell is a key process of life. By this means, the genetic code of the genome is translated into the amino acid sequence of proteins. The process is complex—and has been studied in detail for decades......»»
Live imaging reveals key cell dynamics in 3D organ formation in Drosophila
Animal development requires successive changes in cell and tissue structures. To form complex 3D organs, cell shapes must adapt to support tissue morphogenesis. However, our understanding of how cellular structure changes are coupled with dynamic tis.....»»