Fundamental aspects in carbon dioxide electroreduction reaction tackled by vibrational spectroscopies
Scientists hope that the electricity generated by renewable energy can be used to convert CO2 into value-added fuels, and the stored energy in these chemicals can be released as electricity through fuel cells or other technologies. Such a practice ca.....»»
More academic freedom leads to more innovation, reports study
In many countries, scientists have experienced a loss of academic freedom in recent years. This trend has been criticized on the basis of fundamental principles. However, there has been no research to date on whether the degree of academic freedom al.....»»
First visualization of valence electrons reveals fundamental nature of chemical bonding
The distribution of outermost shell electrons, known as valence electrons, of organic molecules was experimentally observed for the first time by a team led by Nagoya University in Japan. As the interactions between atoms are governed by the valence.....»»
Opinion: Canada must continue cutting emissions regardless of the actions of other polluters
I have, over the years, lost count of the number of times I have seen or heard people say that it doesn't matter what Canada, or the more-developed world, does to reduce carbon emissions. It is argued that the main global problem is that major emitte.....»»
From embers to crisis: The expanding threat of wildfires under global warming
Globally, wildfires are on the rise, driven by climate change, which exacerbates droughts and high temperatures. These fires contribute significantly to carbon emissions and particulate matter (PM2.5), with severe consequences for both climate stabil.....»»
Physicists develop new model that describes how filaments assemble into active foams
Many fundamental processes of life, and their synthetic counterparts in nanotechnology, are based on the autonomous assembly of individual particles into complex patterns. LMU physicist Professor Erwin Frey, Chair of Statistical and Biological Physic.....»»
Study discovers an electric current in the gut that attracts pathogens like Salmonella
How do bad bacteria find entry points in the body to cause infection? This question is fundamental for infectious disease experts and people who study bacteria. Harmful pathogens, like Salmonella, find their way through a complex gut system where the.....»»
Research shows reducing future global flooding hinges on cutting greenhouse gas emissions
Pioneering research forecasts that worldwide flooding is likely to be significantly worse in future decades if countries fail to meet official pledges to cut carbon emissions......»»
Pore structure characteristics found to influence carbon mineralization under conservation tillage
Soil aggregates are the basic units of soil structure and serve as a reservoir for soil carbon, playing a crucial role in the carbon cycle of ecosystems. The pore characteristics of soil aggregates influence the mineralization of soil organic carbon......»»
Heterogeneous occurrence of evergreen broad-leaved forests revealed by plant fossils in East Asia
Evergreen broad-leaved forests (EBLFs) are the most characteristic biomes in East Asia. They assume a fundamental role in the biodiversity function and ecosystem services of the East Asiatic floristic kingdom. Hence, understanding the historical dyna.....»»
Demand for low-quality credits undermines the voluntary carbon market: Study
Claims by large corporations of carbon reduction—or even carbon neutrality—may not hold up under close inspection......»»
Advanced materials could provide more durable metals for fusion power reactors
For many decades, nuclear fusion power has been viewed as the ultimate energy source. A fusion power plant could generate carbon-free energy at a scale needed to address climate change. And it could be fueled by deuterium recovered from an essentiall.....»»
Amazonian drought may have long-lasting effects on carbon cycle
The 2015–2016 El Niño hit the Amazon basin hard, causing a drought that severely reduced aboveground vegetation and caused the basin to release nearly 1 gigaton of carbon into the atmosphere......»»
A new reaction to enhance aromatic ketone use in chemical synthesis
Aromatic ketones have long been valuable intermediates in chemical synthesis, particularly in cross-coupling reactions where different chemical entities are combined to form new compounds. For instance, a process called deacylative cross-coupling rem.....»»
NASA-designed greenhouse-gas-detection instrument launches
Tanager-1, the Carbon Mapper Coalition's first satellite, which carries a state-of-the-art, NASA-designed greenhouse-gas-tracking instrument, is in Earth orbit after lifting off aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket from Space Launch Complex 4E at Vandenbe.....»»
Plant-microbe interactions underpin contrasting enzymatic responses to wetland drainage
Researchers led by Professor Feng Xiaojuan from the Institute of Botany of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (IBCAS) have analyzed the divergent responses of carbon-degrading enzymes to wetland drainage and found that enzymatic response to long-term dr.....»»
New analytical tools identify distinct components of dissolved organic matter within the ocean water column
Large quantities of carbon are stored across the environment as naturally-occurring dissolved organic matter. In the ocean, this organic carbon has an average age of thousands of years, but seasonal fluctuations in dissolved organic matter concentrat.....»»
Research team releases a 76 m-per-pixel global color image dataset and map of Mars
Remote-sensing images of Mars contain rich information about its surface morphology, topography, and geological structure. These data are fundamental for scientific research and exploration missions of Mars. Prior to China's first Mars exploration mi.....»»
Tree mortality may lead to carbon tipping point in the Amazon by 2050s
The Amazon rainforest is home to a diverse cast of plants and animals. This vital, verdant landscape also plays a crucial role in managing the effects of climate change by storing significant amounts of carbon and helping regulate temperatures and ra.....»»
Dark Energy Camera probes the Coma Cluster, an inspiration for the theory of dark matter
The Dark Energy Camera has captured an image of the dazzling Coma Cluster, named after the hair of Queen Berenice II of Egypt. Not only significant in Greek mythology, this collection of galaxies was also fundamental to the discovery of the existence.....»»
A school of new data about how climate impacts fisheries
The changing climate has profound implications for the ocean, including waters that are warmer, more acidic, and less oxygenated. In addition, the ocean absorbs a huge amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide, an essential ingredient for the growth of ph.....»»