Aryl radical formation by aryl halide bond cleavage by a N-heterocyclic carbene catalyst
Aryl halides with a benzene ring directly bonded to a halogen atom are readily available and chemically stable, so they are used as a source of benzene rings in organic synthesis. For example, a chemical reaction that generates a highly reactive aryl.....»»
Elucidating the process of bile duct formation in the liver
Bile ducts are pathways that carry hepatocyte-produced bile from the liver to the small intestine. In the human fetal liver, bile ducts are formed from bile duct epithelial cells surrounding the portal vein, and hepatocytes form on the outside. Both.....»»
Researchers discover how atmospheric feldspar dust contributes to cloud formation
Feldspar is a ubiquitous mineral and makes up about half of the Earth's crust. In the Earth's atmosphere, feldspars play a surprisingly important role. Fine powder carried by air influences cloud formation. Water molecules adhere better to feldspar d.....»»
Engineering tomatoes for high-yield saffron apocarotenoid production
Apocarotenoids, derived from the oxidative cleavage of carotenoids by carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases (CCDs), are crucial for biological functions in plants and animals, though their definition varies among scientific communities. In plant carotenoi.....»»
Researchers reveal new findings on diamond rain on ice planets
An international team of researchers led by Dr. Mungo Frost from the SLAC research center in California has gained new insights into the formation of diamond rain on icy planets such as Neptune and Uranus, using the X-ray laser European XFEL in Schen.....»»
Unraveling the mystery of lignosuberization: A comprehensive study of periderm formation in Sikkim cucumber fruit skin
In fleshy fruits, periderm tissue often forms on the skin surface as a response to mechanical damage caused following environmental cues or developmental programs, known as lignosuberization, creating a protective, corky matrix......»»
Catalyst launches dog collar for AirTag & rugged iPhone 15 cases
Catalyst unveiled the innovative Catalyst Dog Collar for AirTag and the advanced Total Protection Cases for iPhone 15 Pro models, marking a significant expansion in their range of protective solutions.New iPhone case from CatalystThe Catalyst Dog Col.....»»
Photochemistry and a new catalyst could make fertilizer more sustainable
Georgia Tech engineers are working to make fertilizer more sustainable—from production to productive reuse of the runoff after application—and a pair of new studies is offering promising avenues at both ends of the process......»»
In a world run by catalysts, why is optimizing them still so tough?
We depend on catalysts to turn our milk into yogurt, to produce Post-It notes from paper pulp, and to unlock renewable energy sources like biofuels. Finding optimal catalyst materials for specific reactions requires laborious experiments and computat.....»»
Face to face with sun-eclipsing Proba-3
Through exquisite, millimeter-scale, formation flying, the dual satellites making up ESA's Proba-3 will accomplish what was previously a space mission impossible: Cast a precisely held shadow from one platform to the other, in the process blocking ou.....»»
BarbNet: Awn phenotyping with advanced deep learning, potential applications in the automation of barley awns sorting
Awns, bristle-like extensions on grass crops like wheat and barley, are vital for protection and seed dispersal, with barbs on their surface playing a crucial role. While the genetic basis of barb formation has been explored through genome-wide assoc.....»»
Reusing plastic waste to kickstart radical chain reactions, improving process safety and efficiency
Single-use plastics are a major environmental concern, but now, rather than being disposed of as garbage, used plastic bags from the grocery store could be utilized to carry out a reaction that can detoxify hazardous chemicals......»»
Peach breeding research: Interspecific hybridization with almond shows minimal "genomic shock"
Interspecific hybridization is a key process in plant evolution and breeding that can lead to phenotypic changes and the formation of new species. The merging of different genomes in a hybrid often triggers a so-called "genomic shock." These alterati.....»»
Mapping out star formation in the famous Whirlpool Galaxy
Scientists are turning to the beautiful and famous Whirlpool Galaxy to detect areas where stars could eventually be born......»»
Hubble captures a formation of galaxies neatly lined up
A new Hubble image shows both an interacting galaxy system, and a string of galaxies which happen to line up in a neat procession......»»
New catalyst opens efficient conversion from nitrate pollution to valuable ammonia
Pollution spewing from a booming global economy poses a number of different threats to human health. Researchers from Zhongyuan University of Technology proposed a new possible avenue to efficiently convert nitrate, a widespread water pollutant, back.....»»
Green hydrogen: Improving the stability of iridium catalysts with titanium oxides
Anodes for the electrolytic splitting of water are usually iridium-based materials. In order to increase the stability of the iridium catalyst, a team at HZB and a group at HI-ERN have now produced a so-called material library: a sample in which the.....»»
Simulations of craters reveal characteristics of impactors such as spin speed, bond strength
A team of engineers at the University of Campinas, in Brazil has found that the unique characteristics of craters, both on Earth and on other bodies in space, are due to the unique features of both the impactor and the site where it strikes. In their.....»»
New NASA satellite to unravel mysteries about clouds, aerosols
Some of the same properties of light and optics that make the sky blue and cause rainbows can also help scientists unlock mysteries about cloud formation and the effects of tiny particles in our air......»»
TimeSplitters studio Free Radical shut down before it could finish planned revival
The latest casualty of Embracer Group's layoff and studio shutdown spree is Free Radical Design, the studio working on a revival of TimeSplitters......»»
TimeSplitters studio Free Radicals shut down before it could finish planned revival
The latest casualty of Embracer Group's layoff and studio shutdown spree is Free Radical Design, the studio working on a revival of TimeSplitters......»»