Aggregation-induced catalysis: Asymmetric catalysis with chiral aggregates
Asymmetric synthesis and catalysis have been actively pursued in chemical and materials sciences for some time. Increasing numbers of drugs and pesticides contain chiral structural units in their structures since drug actions require conformational m.....»»
Researchers report effect of hypoxia on periosteal stem cells
A new study has shown that the interaction of miR-584-5p and RUNX2 could mediate PSC osteogenic differentiation induced by hypoxia. The work is published in the World Journal of Stem Cells......»»
Examining how a sustainable future is based on a learning society
Escalating planetary crises, including climate change, the depletion of natural resources and the human-induced sixth mass extinction, pose increasing demands on pursuing a good life. As the planet is reaching its limits, old perceptions of well-bein.....»»
Experiments show molecules, not substrates, are mostly responsible for chirality-induced spin selectivity
A team of chemists at Northwestern University, working with a pair of colleagues from Università di Parma, reports that the chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect is caused by the molecules involved, not a substrate, when quantum spin is t.....»»
Single-atom catalysis: In search of "holy grails" in catalysis
In the field of catalysis, the term "holy grail" reactions refers to those reactions that hold significant scientific, economic, and environmental sustainability value for the future of humanity. These reactions harness abundant and readily available.....»»
Multifactorial stress in citrus: Divergent responses of Carrizo and Cleopatra to triple threat environmental challenges
Climate change, alongside human-induced adverse factors, threatens agricultural production and food security by causing stressful situations for plants, such as increased temperatures, extreme weather events, pest outbreaks, diseases, and pollution......»»
How cord-like aggregates of bacteria lead to tuberculosis infections
The ability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), a serious respiratory infection, to form snake-like cords was first noted nearly 80 years ago. In a study published October 20 in the journal Cell, investigators report the biophysical mechanisms by wh.....»»
Nitrogen enrichment delays the emergence of an aridity-induced threshold for plant biomass
Crossing certain aridity thresholds in global drylands can lead to abrupt decays of ecosystem attributes such as plant productivity, potentially causing land degradation and desertification. It is largely unknown, however, whether these thresholds ca.....»»
Chiral AuCu heterostructures with site-specific geometric control and tailored plasmonic chirality
Artificially-engineered chiral materials with exceptional light-manipulating capabilities show significantly-enhanced chiroptical response and capability of light manipulation, which have emerged as a promising chiral platform for applications in bio.....»»
DNA aptamer finds novel application in regulating cell differentiation
Generating specific cell lineages from induced pluripotent stem cells and embryonic stem cells is the holy grail of regenerative medicine. Guiding iPSCs toward a target cell line has garnered much attention, but the process remains challenging......»»
Researchers develop nonlinear optical crystals by unusual cationic substitution strategy
An ideal infrared (IR) nonlinear optical (NLO) crystal must have the advantages of a wide transmittance range, impressive laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT), sufficient birefringence index, bulk single-crystal form, and physicochemical stability......»»
Chiro-optical force observed at the nanoscale
A research group at the Institute for Molecular Science has successfully observed the left and right handedness of material structures at the nanoscale, by illuminating chiral gold nanostructures with circularly polarized light and detecting the opti.....»»
Super-efficient laser light-induced detection of cancer cell-derived nanoparticles achieved
Can particles as minuscule as viruses be detected accurately within a mere five minutes? Osaka Metropolitan University scientists say yes, with their innovative method for ultrafast and ultrasensitive quantitative measurement of biological nanopartic.....»»
Molecular knots, left and right: How molecules form knots
Helical molecules, similarly to a corkscrew, have a spiral shape that can be either left- or right-turning. Such "chiral molecules" can collectively organize (assemble) into large left- or right-handed twisted structures. These exhibit special optica.....»»
Scientists discover biomimetic macrophage technology to combat antibiotic resistance
A research team led by Shuilin Wu at Tianjin University, China, has made a discovery in the field of intelligent catalysis. Their research article titled "Biomimetic Macrophage–Fe3O4@PLGA Particle-Triggered Intelligent Catalysis for Killing Multidr.....»»
Fabricating fused silica optics with a high laser-induced damage threshold
Residual processing defects significantly reduce fused silica optics' laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT), which seriously limits their performance and lifetime in high-energy laser applications. Extensive research has been conducted to eliminate a.....»»
Researchers develop novel multi-sensor data fusion methods for rapid and accurate compound fertilizer quality detection
In a study published in Talanta, a research team led by Prof. Wu Yuejin from the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed a data fusion strategy based on near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and laser-induced.....»»
Electromagnetic field-assisted thermal catalysis enabling low-temperature, low-pressure, large-scale ammonia synthesis
Ammonia (NH3), as one of the most common industrial chemicals, is essential for nitrogenous fertilizer production and shows potential as a next-generation green fuel. Industrial ammonia synthesis relies on the reaction of fossil fuel-derived hydrogen.....»»
Memory-induced Magnus effect: Looking at the unexpected curveball in miniature
Whether you are familiar with the term "Magnus effect" or not, you have certainly seen it in action. It is when a spinning ball—for instance in football, cricket or baseball—bends away from its expected trajectory, often to the surprise of the op.....»»
Iron-based molecular switch improves reaction yield by modulating zeolite catalyst acidity
A molecular switch, or molecule that changes in response to varying environmental stimuli, has successfully modified the acidity of a zeolite catalyst to improve the yield of paraxylene from methanol in heterogeneous catalysis, or a reaction where th.....»»
Shading the Great Barrier Reef from the sun might slow bleaching-induced coral decline
Over the past two decades, coral reefs have declined at unprecedented rates. This is in part because of extreme weather events, which cause wide-spread coral bleaching, a process during which corals lose their color because of stressors, including ch.....»»